That last message is about apfs, but you have made a HFS+ install...
My advice is to connect the Samsung SSD to your Mac, install the operating system, do NOT install Clover or Multibeast, see if your Mac boots from the SSD.
Then connect the SSD to the PC and try to boot from it with the usb stick. If it works, you can install Clover on the SSD and just copy the Clover folder from USB/EFI/ to SSD/EFI. If not, tweak your USB until it successfully boots your installation.
Your USB must have FakeSMC.kext in CLOVER/kexts/Other, apfs.efi & OsxAptioFix3Drv-64.efi in CLOVER/drivers64UEFI
You can use this version of Clover
https://www.tonymacx86.com/resources/clover-uefi-boot-mode-v2-4k-r4428.376/