2 years ago, I did a real life test with the gear(Z170x/i7) I had then. Here are the results:
Project with 1 mono vocal channel/1 mono bass channel/1 mono guitar channel/1 Pianoteq VI/1 Superior Drummer 3 VI, my band during a live jam, with plug ins on the channels(guitar amps, eq, compressors, reverb)
88.2 kHz SR/64 samples buffer
Logic
Metric Halo ULN-8/2d: 4 mS
Lynx Aurora(-n) 3,9 mS
ULN-8 via FireWire, Aurora via Thunderbolt.
This also worked:
Lynx Aurora(-n) Cubase 9.5.21 128 samples/88.2 kHz 32 track recording met gate comp eq, 4 mS rtl
A more modern interface with DSP mixer has a couple of mS more latency to account for the console stuff.
Pro Tools couldn't keep up with these high SR/low buffer examples at all. Logic felt a little bit less stressed out than Cubase.
You can get less latency if you don't go through your DAW and use the DSP console for monitoring. But then you'll miss out on the VST/CoreAudio plug ins and virtual instruments.
On my current Z390 in Logic, I get 9.3 mS RTL with MH ULN-8 3D... Same project @ 88.2 kHz/64 samples. So that's quite a bit more latency(but greater routing and mixing flexibility up to 128 I/O) than 2D/Firewire.n
My ULN-8 3D is connected via ethernet, last time I tried connecting it via USB latency was 2 mS shorter.
Will check this later after a reboot.
Allright, MH ULN-8 via USB is 6.8 mS RTL(88.2 kHz/64 samples)
I should bring a current Lynx Aurora(-n) with Thunderbolt to see what it does. Much less latency, I think, it has fast converters(not necessarily better sounding) and a simple mixer without plug ins.