The only glaringly obvious thing here is that you're plugged into an internal hub.
This is why I was asking
@pieropontra about which port it is plugged into - a lot of boards have a group of 2,4 or more ports connected to an internal hub - behind that bank of 4 ports there could actually be just a single USB port, as, in the case above HS05@14500000 - its just one port with multiple devices connected, I don't know what they are because the grey lines dissappear off the bottom of the screenshot.
Again, I don't know, but I strongly suspect power related, perhaps due to power regulation being applied to one port but having multiple devices attached. I know it only changed 11.1 but perhaps something changed under the hood for power delivery/regulation. Pretty sure real Macs all have a single ACPI port per physical port.
...and just a side note on the Allegro Pro, looks like that is supported in Windows? Happened to see that when looking at its product page to see its power features:
This are individually addressed as well - like we see in your first screenshot.
First screenshot
Controller address(Allegro Pro): 03000000
USB2.0 XCHI ACPI Port 03300000
Your Device: 03300000
Your device is on the same ACPI address as the port, which presumably regulates power delivery for the attached devices (just one).
Second screenshot
Controller address(XCHI internal X299): 14000000
USB2.0 XHCI ACPI Port HS05: 14500000
sub-address of internal hub port: 14510000
Your Device: 14510000
Now your device has a different ACPI address to the internal HS05 port which again presumably power delivery is regulated to that.
Thats why I wanted to see a full USBMap - It would at least tell us what's common here.
I've used two different gigabyte X299's both with internal USB hubs for all Type-A ports. I've seen it on some ASUS boards too. In fact this MSI X299 Pro I'm using now is the first one I've seen where every USB-A is on its own ACPI port number - like a real Mac. More annoying for overall port limit of 15, but I think avoids potential issues like this.
Honestly, I don't know if this is your problem, I'm not expert, but that would certainly be my first point of investigation - Its why I suggested the Front Panel USB ports because most of the maps I've made have shown those internal USB3.0 headers to have dedicated ACPI addresses and not be attached to internal hubs.