I ended up rolling back to 10.14.0 AppleGVA.framework again. With the 10.14.1 framework, and the dummy KEXT to add properties, things seemed to work. It doesn't take much to rock the boat, though--even clicking around a few videos from my camera roll in Photos will start the lag/lockup.
(I tried iMac14,1 / iMacPro1,1 / iMac18,3, plus a few others, both via shiki-id and SMBIOS board-id, and also switching between Elsmere and Baffin accelerators)
I didn't notice anything unusual in the logs when it happens, with these turned on:
defaults write com.apple.AppleGVA gvaDebug -boolean yes
defaults write com.apple.AppleGVA enableSyslog -boolean yes
I'll keep an eye on things, but for now I have H264 decode, and I guess software fallback on HEVC, since HEVC videos in Photos still play, I can still do a video export, etc. I don't need HW HEVC for movies at all, so CPU works. I'm still worried I won't be able to hold the framework back more than one or two more updates, so hopefully there's a breakthrough at some point!
Quick edit: If you do have HEVC encode-only issues, I think you can also do:
defaults write com.apple.AppleGVA forceSWEncoder -boolean yes