In my experience, that's a USB problem. But it may be different for you, just can't say for sure.
To start, you must have the right Port Limit patches for Mojave. I don't have them anymore, but that's the first thing you have to have. Next is USBInjectall.kext, and a third thing you could do, because you have an Asus bios, is go into it and shut off some individual ports temporarily so that you could fit under the Apple USB port limit requirements. The focus here is to just get it running - for now, and then work on the other things.
The alternative is if you can configure a USB kexts file, that could work too - that takes time, and right now I'd like to see that you can boot from some kind of fixed disk, connected by either Sata or NVMe.
But if you took the time to configure you own USB kext file, at that point, you would not need the port limit patch, USBInjectall, or shutting off USB ports in your BIOS. I don't think you can rely on kgp's USB kext file, given your problems. Try the first approach, then move to configuring your own USB kext file, that would be my suggestion.
However, it worries me that you can't boot from a Sata connected Sata hard drive (SSD or spinning drive, doesn't matter, right?). That makes me question your hardware or some configuration in your bios, like, in your bios, are you set for AHCI or RAID (should be AHCI). Still, I can't tell for sure, because I'm remote. I can only offer suggestions.
Oh, and here's another fairly current USB guide (it's also pretty good):
https://www.tonymacx86.com/threads/a-beginners-guide-to-creating-a-custom-usb-ssdt.272505/