Hi guys sorry for the delay, but I have a big update.
So I finally grabbed myself one DVI to DVI cable, to test everything without adapters as you guys suggested. I connected my 1440p benq screen via DVI and my 1080p asus via hdmi. I first booted windows and everything worked perfectly, just as my previous configuration. Then I boot Mac and I have the exact same glitch as always, only that the glitch appears on the 1440p screen and the 1080p boots correctly. Just as before, if I sleep the computer and wake it, both screens work as expected.
With this test we can see that this is not a hardware issue anymore, but a software/configuration one.
Thanks for the help.