Probably it is convenient to create a working in everything installation, then complete post installation adjustments on an SSD and then clone it on a USB pen drive, mounting the EFI and copying the EFI of the SSD with the temporary complete installation.
Surely you save a lot of time, if you have to do a lot of reboots for the changes in the EFI and avoid any strange behavior in the selection of the various disks in the reboots, during the installation phase.
In any case the pen drive should be among the fastest and in any case the system would be very slow. I don't know how much it is convenient because with the EFI optimized the pen drive could only move on practically identical systems.
I don't know if there could be problems with APFS, but for SSD to spin disk clones there doesn't seem to be any.
It is only the opinion of one who understands very little about the subject